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![township and range map township and range map](https://www.deridderrealestate.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/sections-inside-a-township.jpg)
In expanded form this would read "the Northwest quarter of the Northeast quarter of Section 34 of Township 3 South, Range 1 West, first Principal Meridian". Ī description of a quarter-quarter section in standard abbreviated form, might look like "NW 1/4, NE 1/4, Sec. This system was of great practical value on the American frontier, where surveyors often had a shaky grasp of mathematics and were required to work quickly. A section can be halved seven times in this way, down to a 5-acre (2 ha) parcel, or half of a quarter-quarter-quarter section-an easily surveyed 50-square- chain (2 ha) area. One of the reasons for creating sections of 640 acres (260 ha) was the ease of dividing into halves and quarters while still maintaining a whole number of acres. The phrases "front 40" and " back 40," referring to farm fields, indicate the front and back quarter-quarter sections of land. After the Civil War, freedmen (freed slaves) were reckoned to be self-sufficient with " 40 acres and a mule." In the 20th century real estate developers preferred working with 40-acre (16 ha) parcels.
![township and range map township and range map](https://i.pinimg.com/originals/3b/4e/7f/3b4e7f8aac304e48541dd4f959ddbb00.jpg)
In 1832 the smallest area of land that could be acquired was reduced to the 40-acre (16 ha) quarter-quarter section, and this size parcel became entrenched in American mythology. A quarter section is 160 acres (65 ha) and a "quarter-quarter section" is 40 acres (16 ha). Sections are customarily surveyed into smaller squares by repeated halving and quartering. The legal description of a tract of land under the PLSS includes the name of the state, name of the county, township number, range number, section number, and portion of a section. land surveying under the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a section is an area nominally one square mile (2.6 square kilometers), containing 640 acres (260 hectares), with 36 sections making up one survey township on a rectangular grid. The primary grid pattern is of quarter sections ( 1⁄ 2 mi × 1⁄ 2 mi (800 m × 800 m)).
![township and range map township and range map](https://image.slideserve.com/439344/surveyed-grid-township-range-section-l.jpg)
Satellite image of crops growing in Kansas, mainly using center pivot irrigation.
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